What symptom is associated with the Cullen sign?

The Cullen sign refers to periumbilical ecchymosis, which is a distinctive symptom that indicates bleeding in the abdominal cavity. This discoloration occurs due to the accumulation of blood around the umbilicus as a result of conditions such as pancreatitis or ruptured ectopic pregnancy. The presence of this sign can help clinicians identify significant intra-abdominal bleeding or trauma, making it a crucial finding during the evaluation of patients presenting with abdominal pain or signs of internal bleeding. The visual cue of ecchymosis around the umbilical area directly relates to underlying pathologies, aiding in diagnostic decision-making.

Other symptoms listed, such as a rash on the torso, swollen lymph nodes, and diffuse abdominal pain, are not linked to the Cullen sign and point to different conditions or issues. The specific nature of the Cullen sign in relation to abdominal bleeding is what makes it stand out as an essential clinical feature in emergency medicine.