What is the key differentiator between cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock?

The key differentiator between cardiogenic and hypovolemic shock lies in the underlying cardiac function. In cardiogenic shock, the heart's ability to pump effectively is significantly impaired due to a variety of conditions such as myocardial infarction, severe heart failure, or arrhythmias. This impairment leads to inadequate cardiac output despite the volume of blood being normal or increased.

In contrast, hypovolemic shock is primarily caused by a significant loss of blood volume, which can stem from trauma, hemorrhage, or severe dehydration. In this scenario, the heart may still be functioning normally; however, the reduced blood volume leads to decreased venous return and subsequently low cardiac output.

Thus, the underlying cardiac function in cardiogenic shock is compromised, while in hypovolemic shock, the heart's function can be preserved initially, making this factor crucial for differentiation between the two types of shock.