What does a slit lamp exam showing positive cell and flare in the anterior chamber indicate?

A slit lamp examination that reveals positive cells and flare in the anterior chamber indicates the presence of inflammation within the eye, which is characteristic of uveitis. The term "cells" refers to individual inflammatory cells seen floating in the aqueous humor, while "flare" denotes the presence of proteins and other inflammatory substances that scatter light, creating a hazy appearance in the fluid.

Uveitis can result from a variety of underlying conditions, including autoimmune diseases, infections, and trauma. The finding of cells and flare is significant because it points specifically to an inflammation of the uveal tract, often affecting the iris and ciliary body.

Other conditions in the options present different clinical pictures and may involve varying mechanisms or areas of the eye. For instance, retinal detachment primarily involves the separation of the retina from the underlying tissue, typically characterized by symptoms such as flashes and floaters, but it does not usually present with cells and flare. Corneal abrasion would likely produce pain and photophobia, along with other signs, but does not contribute to the anterior chamber inflammation indicated by cells and flare. Lastly, acute glaucoma usually manifests with elevated intraocular pressure and symptoms like severe pain, headache, and a mid-dilated pupil, rather than the specific inflammatory signs observed