What are the characteristic symptoms of heat stroke?

Heat stroke is a severe heat-related illness that occurs when the body's temperature regulation system fails, leading to a core body temperature rising to dangerous levels, typically above 104°F (40°C). The hallmark symptoms of heat stroke include hyperthermia, which indicates an elevated body temperature, and altered mental status. Altered mental status can range from confusion to delirium, or even loss of consciousness, reflecting how the central nervous system is affected by excessive heat and dehydration.

The combination of hyperthermia and altered mental status is critical for diagnosing heat stroke and differentiating it from other heat-related conditions, such as heat exhaustion. Immediate recognition and treatment of heat stroke are vital, as it can lead to severe complications, including organ failure and death.

The other choices do not encapsulate the classic presentation of heat stroke. For instance, hypotension and bradycardia may be more associated with other types of shock or systemic conditions rather than the direct effects of heat exposure. Similarly, hyperglycemia and seizures are not typically direct signs of heat stroke, while fever and rash can indicate infections or other medical conditions rather than the core symptoms of heat stroke.